rom the National Park Service’s Northeast Temperate Network (https://www.nps.gov/im/netn/forest-health.htm). This project monitors the composition and structure of the Mohonk Preserve forests, and collects data for assessing forest soil condition, impacts of white-tailed deer herbivory, and land cover. In 2018, 24 plots were established in four habitat types: Eastern hemlock forest (n = 6), white ash forest (n = 6), historic prescribed burn forest (n = 6), and randomly selected forest (n = 6). In 2021, an additional 14 plots were established in two historic Breeding Bird Survey research areas: Eastern hemlock forest (n = 8) and pitch pine forest (n = 6). In 2022,an additional 14 plots were established in two historic Breeding Bird Survey research areas: mixed deciduous forest (n = 9) and hemlock hardwood forest (n = 5). All data collection occurred between the months of June through August. Plots are scheduled to be resampled every four years.

escription and assessment​, presence of forest pests/pathogens​, and understory species cover. The Preserve used the inventory data to create a prioritized climate-adaptive management plan for its eastern hemlock northern-hardwood forest that promotes healthy, resilient future stand structure and preserves (as much as possible) the ecosystem services provided by hemlock. Our other Preserve forest datasets were also used to create effective land management plans.