Details and Metadata
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Methods
The methods followed in the creation of the dataset, including description of field, laboratory and processing steps, and quality control procedures
Current Methods
Plot establishment
Started: 1991-05-01One plot established at Proctor Maple Research Center in 1991.
Started: 1992-05-01Eight plots on west slope of Mt. Mansfield paired at 4 elevations: 1400, 2200, 3000, and 3800 feet. Used to assess changes in crown condition, injury to crown and bole, growth, regeneration, understory cover.
Started: 1990-05-01One plot established in the Lye Brook Wilderness Area as part of the National Forest Health Monitoring Program at 2300 ft.
Started: 1994-05-01Four plots in the Lye Brook Wilderness Area paired at 1400 and 2300 feet, in addition to the NFHM plot at 2300 feet.
Started: 1997-05-01Six plots established in 1997 on the east slope of the mountain in Ranch Valley paired at 1400, 2200, and 3000 feet.
Past Methods (No longer in use)
- Ice storm effects
Started: 1998-01-30
Ended: 1998-06-01In 1998, conducted special spring survey on plots affected by the January ice storm. Measurements included bole breakage and crown loss (%).
Dataset Fields
Detailed documentation of the fields comprising the dataset, including the type of measurement, units where applicable, and any controlled vocabularies or code lists present in the data
Field Name Caption Description Additional Information Year Year Year of data collection
Measurement type: DateTime
Date/Time Format: otherWatershed Watershed Watershed location of plot
Measurement type: Nominal
Watershed Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code BR Browns River SB Stevensville Brook RB Ranch Brook LBA Lye Brook Elevation (feet) Elevation (feet) Average elevation of plot in feet
Measurement type: Ratio
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 100Elevation Modifier Elevation Modifier Elevation modifier category (a, b or c) used to create unique plot identifier
Measurement type: Nominal Point Number Number Assigned to Plot Number assigned to sampling sub-plot (1-4)
Measurement type: Nominal
Point Number Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 Center subplot 2 North subplot 3 Southeast subplot 4 Southwest subplot Tree Number Tree Number Unique tree number
Measurement type: Nominal Species Code Species Code Species code (spp)- <300 softwoods, >300 hardwoods
Measurement type: Ordinal
Forest Health Monitoring: Mt Mansfield 1992 to 2007 Species Codes
+ showAppears in data as Meaning FRNI silver maple (Acer saccharinum) - View ITIS Record PISY white spruce (Picea glauca) - View ITIS Record QUVE black ash (Fraxinus nigra) - View ITIS Record OSVI white ash (Fraxinus americana) - View ITIS Record OSVI green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) - View ITIS Record 740 cottonwood (Populus sp.) - View ITIS Record 743 bigtooth aspen (Populus grandidentata) - View ITIS Record 746 quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) - View ITIS Record 742 Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) - View ITIS Record 951 American basswood (Tilia americana) - View ITIS Record 379 gray birch (Betula populifolia) - View ITIS Record 372 sweet birch (Betula lenta) - View ITIS Record 901 black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) - View ITIS Record 313 boxelder (Acer negundo) - View ITIS Record 601 butternut (Juglans cinerea) - View ITIS Record 972 American elm (Ulmus americana) - View ITIS Record 975 slippery elm (Ulmus rubra) - View ITIS Record 400 hickory spp (Carya sp.) - View ITIS Record 701 eastern hophornbeam; hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana) - View ITIS Record 837 black oak (Quercus velutina) - View ITIS Record 832 chestnut oak (Quercus prinus) - View ITIS Record 826 chinkapin oak (Quercus prinoides) - View ITIS Record 833 northern red oak (Quercus rubra) - View ITIS Record 804 swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor) - View ITIS Record 802 white oak (Quercus alba) - View ITIS Record 365 serviceberry (Amelanchier sp.) - View ITIS Record 68 eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) - View ITIS Record 241 arborvitae; eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis) - View ITIS Record 105 Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) - View ITIS Record 126 pitch pine (Pinus rigida) - View ITIS Record 125 red pine (Pinus resinosa) - View ITIS Record 130 Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) - View ITIS Record 129 eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) - View ITIS Record 91 Norway spruce (Picea abies) - View ITIS Record 90 spruce (Picea sp.) - View ITIS Record 71 tamarack (Larix laricina) - View ITIS Record 12 balsam fir (Abies balsamea) - View ITIS Record 315 striped maple (Acer pensylvanicum) - View ITIS Record 316 red maple (Acer rubrum) - View ITIS Record 318 sugar maple (Acer saccharum) - View ITIS Record 319 mountain maple (Acer spicatum) - View ITIS Record 371 yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis) - View ITIS Record DBH Diameter Breast Height Diameter of a tree taken at breast height in tenths of inches (102= 10.2)
Measurement type: Ratio
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 1Azimuth Azimuth Azimuth from point center to tree (magnetic north)
Measurement type: Ratio
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 1Horizontal Distance from Center Point Horizontal Distance from Center Point Horizontal distance from center point in tenths of feet
Measurement type: Ratio
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 1Tree Status Tree Status Coded tree status
Measurement type: Nominal
Tree Status Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 live 2 dead Crown Class Crown Class Position of the crown relative to neighboring trees
Measurement type: Ordinal
Crown Class Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 open growth 2 dominant 3 codominant 4 intermediate 5 suppressed/ overtopped Uncompacted Crown Ratio Uncompacted Crown Ratio (%) Live crown ratio is the percentage of total tree height supporting live foliage that is contributing
Measurement type: Ratio
Units: dimensionless
Precision: 1Sapling Vigor Sapling Vigor Coded sapling vigor
Measurement type: Ordinal
Sapling Vigor Class
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 healthy 2 moderate decline 3 poor health Crown Density Crown Density Average of crown density indicator for each plot (%)
Measurement type: Ratio
Units: dimensionless
Precision: 1Crown Dieback Crown Dieback Average of crown dieback indicator for each plot
Measurement type: Ratio
Units: dimensionless
Precision: 1Transparency of Foliage Transparency of Foliage Average of foliage transparency indicator for each plot (%)
Measurement type: Ratio
Units: dimensionless
Precision: 1Location of Damage 1 Location of Damage 1 Code for location of damage 1
Measurement type: Nominal
Location of Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 none 1 roots and stump 2 roots, stump and lower bole 3 lower bole 4 lower and upper bole 5 upper bole 6 crownstem 7 branches 8 buds and shoots 9 foliage Damage 1 Damage 1 Code for damage 1
Measurement type: Nominal
Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 Canker, gall 2 conks, fruiting bodies, and signs of advanced decay 3 open wounds 4 resinosis or gummosis 5 cracks and seams 11 broken bole or roots 12 brooms on roots or bole 13 broken or dad roots 20 vines in the crown 21 loss of apical dominance,dead terminal 22 broken or dead (branches) 23 excessive branching or brooms within the live crown area 24 damaged buds, foliage or shoots 25 discoloration of foliage 31 other Severity of Damage 1 Severity of Damage 1 Code (#0-9) for severity of damage 1
Measurement type: Ordinal
Severity of Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 none 2 20-29% 3 30-39% 4 40-49% 5 50-59% 6 60-69% 7 70-79% 8 80-89% 9 90-99% Location of Damage 2 Location of Damage 2 Code for location of damage 2
Measurement type: Nominal
Location of Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 none 1 roots and stump 2 roots, stump and lower bole 3 lower bole 4 lower and upper bole 5 upper bole 6 crownstem 7 branches 8 buds and shoots 9 foliage Damage 2 Damage 2 Code for damage 2
Measurement type: Nominal
Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 Canker, gall 2 conks, fruiting bodies, and signs of advanced decay 3 open wounds 4 resinosis or gummosis 5 cracks and seams 11 broken bole or roots 12 brooms on roots or bole 13 broken or dad roots 20 vines in the crown 21 loss of apical dominance,dead terminal 22 broken or dead (branches) 23 excessive branching or brooms within the live crown area 24 damaged buds, foliage or shoots 25 discoloration of foliage 31 other Severity of Damage 2 Severity of Damage 2 Code (#0-9) for severity of damage 2
Measurement type: Ordinal
Severity of Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 none 2 20-29% 3 30-39% 4 40-49% 5 50-59% 6 60-69% 7 70-79% 8 80-89% 9 90-99% Location of Damage 3 Location of Damage 3 Code for location of damage 3
Measurement type: Nominal
Location of Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 none 1 roots and stump 2 roots, stump and lower bole 3 lower bole 4 lower and upper bole 5 upper bole 6 crownstem 7 branches 8 buds and shoots 9 foliage Damage 3 Damage 3 Code for damage 3
Measurement type: Nominal
Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 Canker, gall 2 conks, fruiting bodies, and signs of advanced decay 3 open wounds 4 resinosis or gummosis 5 cracks and seams 11 broken bole or roots 12 brooms on roots or bole 13 broken or dad roots 20 vines in the crown 21 loss of apical dominance,dead terminal 22 broken or dead (branches) 23 excessive branching or brooms within the live crown area 24 damaged buds, foliage or shoots 25 discoloration of foliage 31 other Severity of Damage 3 Severity of Damage 3 Code (#0-9) for severity of damage 3
Measurement type: Ordinal
Severity of Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 none 2 20-29% 3 30-39% 4 40-49% 5 50-59% 6 60-69% 7 70-79% 8 80-89% 9 90-99% Cause of Death Cause of Death Cause of death
Measurement type: Nominal
Cause of Death Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 10 insect 20 disease 30 fire 40 animal 50 weather 60 vegetation (supression, vines) 70 unknown 80 human caused 90 physical (hit by fallen tree) Notes Notes (observations/clarifications) Notes by text or # (special damage code)
Measurement type: Nominal Study Site Study Site Study Site
Measurement type: Ordinal Counter Counter Counter
Measurement type: Ordinal Tree Orientation Tree Orientation Order of trees on each plot for use in data collection
Measurement type: Interval
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 1Plot ID Plot ID Number Plot ID number combines site (MM or LB) elevation (eg 1400) elevation modifier (blank, A or B) for a unique plot identifier
Measurement type: Nominal Lean Angle Lean Angle Lean angle
Measurement type: Nominal
Lean Angle Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 standing (less than 45 degree lean) 1 down (more than 45 degree lean) Total Length Total Length Tree height including dead or broken top
Measurement type: Ratio
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 1Actual Length Actual Length Tree height present
Measurement type: Ratio
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 1Length Method Lenth Method Length Method
Measurement type: Ordinal
Length Method Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 total and actual length measured with instrument 2 total length visually estimated and actual length measured with an instrument) 3 total and actual length visually estimated %Rotten Missing % Rotten Missing Percentage of rotten missing cubic-foot volume to the nearest 1 percent using a table
Measurement type: Ratio
Units: dimensionless
Precision: 1Decay Class Decay Class Coded decay class
Measurement type: Ordinal
Decay Class Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 not decayed, limbs and branches all present 2 few limbs, no fine branches, top may be broken 3 limb stubs only, top broken 4 few or no stubs, top broken 5 no limbs or branches, top broken, less than 20 percent of bark remaining Compacted Crown Ratio Compacted Crown Ratio Portion of tree supporting live foliage as a percent of actual tree height
Measurement type: Ratio
Units: dimensionless
Precision: 1Crown Exposure Crown Exposure Crown exposure
Measurement type: Ordinal
Crown Exposure Class
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 the tree recieves no full light because it is shaded by trees, vines, or other vegetation; the tree has no crown by definition 1 the tree recieves full light from the top or one side 2 the tree recieves full light from the top and one side (or 2 sides without the top) 3 the tree recieves full light from the top and two sides (or 3 sides without the top) 4 the tree recieves full light from the top and three sides 5 the tree recieves full light from the top and 4 sides Crown Light Crown Light Crown light
Measurement type: Ordinal
Crown Light Class
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 the tree recieves no full light because it is shaded by trees, vines, or other vegetation; the tree has no crown by definition 1 the tree recieves full light from the top or one side 2 the tree recieves full light from the top and one side (or 2 sides without the top) 3 the tree recieves full light from the top and two sides (or 3 sides without the top) 4 the tree recieves full light from the top and three sides 5 the tree recieves full light from the top and 4 sides Crown Position Crown Position Crown position
Measurement type: Ordinal
Crown Position Class
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 superstory 2 overstory 3 understory 4 open grown Tree History Tree History Code for tree history
Measurement type: Nominal
Tree History Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 1 live 2 ingrowth on microplot 3 ingrowth on subplot 4 outgrowth 5 dead 7 cut 9 missed Crown Density 1992 Crown Density 1992 and Beyond Crown density for 1992 and beyond- change in methods
Measurement type: Interval
Units:
Crown Density 1992 Class
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 no crown 5 1-5 percent crown 10 6-10 percent crown 15 11-15 percent crown 20 16-20 percent crown 25 21-25 percent crown 30 26-30 percent crown 35 31-35 percent crown 40 46-40 percent crown 45 41-45 percent crown 50 46-50 percent crown 55 51-55 percent crown 60 56-60 percent crown 65 61-65 percent crown 70 66-70 percent crown 75 71-75 percent crown 80 76-80 percent crown 85 81-85 percent crown 90 86-90 percent crown 95 91-95 percent crown 99 96-100 percent crown CrwnDiam1 Crown Diameter at 90 degrees Crown diameter at 90 degrees from first measure
Measurement type: Ratio
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 1CrwnDiam2 Crown Diameter at Widest Side Crown diameter at widest side
Measurement type: Ratio
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 1Cause of Damage 1 Cause of Damage 1 Coded number for cause of damage 1 (undefined)
Measurement type: Ordinal
Cause of Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 40 Excessive branching (indicator of past injury such as top kill) (1992 only) 41 Abundance of seeds or cones (may cause dieback) (1992 only) 42 Stunted, dwarfed (woody stems only, short internodes, chlorotic dwarfs) (1992 only) 60 Defoliation (from insect feeding) (1992 only) 61 General discoloration (mixed colors; more than 30% of the crown with leaves having more than 50% of foliage affected) (1992 only) 62 Pale green foliage (more than 30% of the crown with leaves having more than 50% of foliage affected) (1992 only) 63 Yellow-green foliage (more than 30% of the crown with leaves having more than 50% of foliage affected) (1992 only) 64 Leaves spotted (more than 30% of crown with foliage having spotted leaves) (1992 only) 65 Damaged leaves (more than 30% of crown with foliage shredded, with holes, or otherwise mechanically damaged) (1992 only) 66 Distorted foliage (more than 30% of crown with wrinkled, shrivelled, galled or otherwise distorted leaves) (1992 only) 67 Stunted foliage (more than 30% of crown with stunted or dwarfed foliage, less than 1/2 normal leaf size) (1992 only) Cause of Damage 2 Cause of Damage 2 Coded number for cause of damage 2 (undefined)
Measurement type: Ordinal
Cause of Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 40 Excessive branching (indicator of past injury such as top kill) (1992 only) 41 Abundance of seeds or cones (may cause dieback) (1992 only) 42 Stunted, dwarfed (woody stems only, short internodes, chlorotic dwarfs) (1992 only) 60 Defoliation (from insect feeding) (1992 only) 61 General discoloration (mixed colors; more than 30% of the crown with leaves having more than 50% of foliage affected) (1992 only) 62 Pale green foliage (more than 30% of the crown with leaves having more than 50% of foliage affected) (1992 only) 63 Yellow-green foliage (more than 30% of the crown with leaves having more than 50% of foliage affected) (1992 only) 64 Leaves spotted (more than 30% of crown with foliage having spotted leaves) (1992 only) 65 Damaged leaves (more than 30% of crown with foliage shredded, with holes, or otherwise mechanically damaged) (1992 only) 66 Distorted foliage (more than 30% of crown with wrinkled, shrivelled, galled or otherwise distorted leaves) (1992 only) 67 Stunted foliage (more than 30% of crown with stunted or dwarfed foliage, less than 1/2 normal leaf size) (1992 only) Cause of Damage 3 Cause of Damage 3 Coded number for cause of damage 3 (undefined)
Measurement type: Ordinal
Cause of Damage Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 40 Excessive branching (indicator of past injury such as top kill) (1992 only) 41 Abundance of seeds or cones (may cause dieback) (1992 only) 42 Stunted, dwarfed (woody stems only, short internodes, chlorotic dwarfs) (1992 only) 60 Defoliation (from insect feeding) (1992 only) 61 General discoloration (mixed colors; more than 30% of the crown with leaves having more than 50% of foliage affected) (1992 only) 62 Pale green foliage (more than 30% of the crown with leaves having more than 50% of foliage affected) (1992 only) 63 Yellow-green foliage (more than 30% of the crown with leaves having more than 50% of foliage affected) (1992 only) 64 Leaves spotted (more than 30% of crown with foliage having spotted leaves) (1992 only) 65 Damaged leaves (more than 30% of crown with foliage shredded, with holes, or otherwise mechanically damaged) (1992 only) 66 Distorted foliage (more than 30% of crown with wrinkled, shrivelled, galled or otherwise distorted leaves) (1992 only) 67 Stunted foliage (more than 30% of crown with stunted or dwarfed foliage, less than 1/2 normal leaf size) (1992 only) Tree Height Tree Height Tree height
Measurement type: Ratio
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 1Previous DBH Previous Diameter Breast Height Previous collection of diameter at breast height
Measurement type: Ratio
Unit: unavailable
Precision: 1DiamChk Diameter Check Code for measurment accuracy
Measurement type: Nominal
Diameter Check Code
+ showAppears in data as Meaning of code 0 Diameter measured accurately 1 diameter estimated 2 diameter measured at different location than previous measurment (remeasurment trees only) Special Damage1 Special Damage 1 Undefined
Measurement type: Ordinal Special Damage 2 Special Damage 2 Undefined
Measurement type: Ordinal Special Damage 3 Special Damage 3 Undefined
Measurement type: Ordinal Sampling Equipment
Equipment and software used to collect data, including how that equipment was used.
No sampling equipment recorded for this dataset
Site Characteristics
The spatial extent of the dataset site coverage, and descriptions of the spatial extent and context for the data collection
- Site Description
Mt. Mansfield at four elevations: 1400, 2200, 3000, and 3800 ft., on the west slope of the mountain, and at 1400, 2200 and 3000 feet on the east slope of the mountain. Lye Brook plots at 1400 and 2300 feet.