FEMC - DendroEcological Network

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Project:
Eastern white pine and eastern hemlock growth: possible tradeoffs in response of canopy trees to climate and pollution

Project Info
Plot Data
Tree Data
Raw Core Data
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Objectives: Our objective for this study was to identify the potential climate and pollution variables that have been best associated with eastern white pine and eastern hemlock growth in Vermont over the past several decades.

Principal Investigator: Rebecca Stern, Paul Schaberg, Shelly Rayback, Paula Murakami, Christopher Hansen, Gary Hawley

Laboratory: Schaberg/Hawley/Rayback Dendrochronology Collaborative

Recommended Citation: Stern RL, Schaberg PG, Rayback SA, Murakami PF, Hansen CF, Hawley GJ. 2020. Eastern white pine and eastern hemlock growth: possible tradeoffs in response of canopy trees to climate and pollution.

Project Contents: Data for 26 Plots, 507 Trees, 1996 Cores

Project Period: 2014-08-30 to 2020-02-19

Species:

Pinus strobus

Tsuga canadensis

Data License:

What's this?

Description: We measured tree rings for 507 dominant and codominant eastern white pine and eastern hemlock trees at 24 VT sites, and statistically compared growth to tree and stand characteristics and regional climate and pollutant deposition data.

Related Publications:

R.L. Stern, P.G. Schaberg, S.A. Rayback, P.F. Murakami, C.F. Hansen, G.J. Hawley.2021.Eastern white pine and eastern hemlock growth: possible tradeoffs in response of canopy trees to climate.Can. J. For. Res. 51: 1926–1938. doi:10.1139/cjfr-2020-0512 View

Project Metadata

Taxonomic standard used: USDA Plants Database

How plots were selected: Sites were chosen that would provide a broad representation of mature eastern white pine and eastern hemlock. Areas with a known history of management over the past several decades were avoided.

How trees were selected: Approximately 15-20 dominant and co-dominant trees were selected at each site.

Exclusion of trees (if any): Trees with bole or crown damage were excluded.

How cores were collected: Two 5 mm increment cores were extracted from each tree at breast height, 180° from each other, and perpendicular to the slope.

How cores were processed: Increment cores were dried, mounted and sanded using standard methods. Tree rings were visually crossdated using the list method, microscopically measured using a Velmex sliding stage unit and MeasureJ2X software (0.001 mm resolution) followed by the use of COFECHA to detect and correct crossdating errors.

Exclusion of cores (if any): A small number of cores were discarded since they were poorly correlated with the master chronology (i.e., below Pearson critical correlation 99% confidence levels) due to unusual growth trends that were not representative of overall site growth.

Added to the database: 05/04/2020

Last modified: 05/04/2020

Sample of Plot Data

Up to 10 rows of data are shown below.

Plot ID	Latitude	Longitude	Site Description	Crew
ABPO	44.031056	-73.088806	Large grove of hemlock trees, mature individuals with few blowdowns, low level of understory vegetation; seedlings and saplings of TSCA evident in understory	Shelly Rayback and Charlie Cogbill
ALC	44.420188	-73.205422	Overstory comprised of white pine and red maple, understory sugar maple and American beech; dry	Rebecca Stern and Elizabeth Banner
BB	44.181421	-73.369597	On a Lake Champlain peninsula, flat terrain, mainly sugar maple in understory	Rebecca Stern, Paula Murakami, Christopher Hansen
CNA	44.652180	-72.878615	West-facing slope, ferns, understory comprised of sugar maple, not very dense forest	Rebecca Stern, Paula Murakami, Christopher Hansen
Dome1	42.751990	-73.180400	Not Provided
FMP	43.103043	-73.139071	Understory mainly comprised of American beech, not very dense forest, ferns, some sugar maple and red oak also present, some larger American beech with signs of beech bark disease	Rebecca Stern, Christopher Hansen, Ali Kosiba, Michelle Deslauriers
GG	44.021167	-72.848950	Older growth hemlock, co-dominant with yellow birch, lots of amercian beech (beech bark disease) in understory, open understory under hemlocks, some red spruce individuals, but not as large; little evidence of logs; no stumps; did find red blazes that may mark state/fed forests	Shelly Rayback and Ali Kosiba
GIWO	43.676737	-72.812126	Classic eastern hardwood-hemlock forest type; old growth, huge hemlocks; low relief with boggy/wet areas, some evidence of logging, fairly closed canopy	Shelly Rayback, Charlie Cogbill, Mary Gagen, Joshua Halman
GOSH1	43.845734	-73.035735	Overstory comprised of white pine and red oak, understory beech; dry	Rebecca Stern and Elizabeth Banner
HHSC01K07	44.939170	-72.999650	Not Provided	Rebecca Stern, Isabel Molina, Becca Rossell, Ali Kosiba
HHSC12F02	43.745383	-73.096080	Not Provided	Rebecca Stern

Sample of Tree Data

Up to 10 rows of data are shown below.

Plot ID	Tree ID	Species	Diameter	Diameter Units
ABPO	ABP01	TSCA	55.5	centimeter
ABPO	ABP02	TSCA	70.5	centimeter
ABPO	ABP03	TSCA	58	centimeter
ABPO	ABP04	TSCA	52	centimeter
ABPO	ABP05	TSCA	53	centimeter
ABPO	ABP06	TSCA	57	centimeter
ABPO	ABP07	TSCA	67	centimeter
ABPO	ABP09	TSCA	52	centimeter
ABPO	ABP10A	TSCA	49	centimeter
ABPO	ABP11	TSCA	53	centimeter
ABPO	ABP12	TSCA	55	centimeter

Sample of Raw Core Data

Up to 10 rows of data are shown below.

Plot ID	Tree ID	DBH	Sample ID	Species	First Year	Last Year	Estimated Age	2016	2015	2014	2013	2012	2011	2010	2009	2008	2007	2006	2005	2004	2003	2002	2001	2000	1999	1998	1997	1996	1995	1994	1993	1992	1991	1990	1989	1988	1987	1986	1985	1984	1983	1982	1981	1980	1979	1978	1977	1976	1975	1974	1973	1972	1971	1970	1969	1968	1967	1966	1965	1964	1963	1962	1961	1960	1959	1958	1957	1956	1955	1954	1953	1952	1951	1950	1949	1948	1947	1946	1945	1944	1943	1942	1941	1940	1939	1938	1937	1936	1935	1934	1933	1932	1931	1930	1929	1928	1927	1926	1925	1924	1923	1922	1921	1920	1919	1918	1917	1916	1915	1914	1913	1912	1911	1910	1909	1908	1907	1906	1905	1904	1903	1902	1901	1900	1899	1898	1897	1896	1895	1894	1893	1892	1891	1890	1889	1888	1887	1886	1885	1884	1883	1882	1881	1880	1879	1878	1877	1876	1875	1874	1873	1872	1871	1870	1869	1868	1867	1866	1865	1864	1863	1862	1861	1860	1859	1858	1857	1856	1855	1854	1853	1852	1851	1850	1849	1848	1847	1846	1845	1844	1843	1842	1841	1840	1839	1838	1837	1836	1835
ABPO	ABP01	55.5	ABP01	TSCA	1881	2010	147	2.89	3.683	2.313	2.072	2.255	2.809	2.833	1.368	1.615	1.226	0.29	1.578	2.768	2.27	2.339	1.291	1.585	1.223	1.7	1.657	1.863	1.854	1.383	2.778	3.341	2.611	2.748	2.337	2.638	1.873	2.541	2.307	2.702	2.195	2.403	2.279	2.924	2.572	1.216	1.173	1.563	1.926	1.341	1.765	1.016	0.664	0.831	0.776	0.527	1.051	0.745	1.207	0.997	1.252	1.214	1.483	1.085	0.775	1.274	1.016	0.956	0.943	0.542	1.114	0.905	0.784	0.922	0.801	0.874	0.665	0.567	0.731	0.86	0.993	0.856	0.623	0.78	0.973	1.595	1.431	2.01	2.07	2.02	1.719	1.91	1.94	1.507	1.155	1.516	1.378	1.457	1.373	1.165	1.752	1.338	1.583	1.485	1.9	1.553	1.604	1.712	1.052	1.408	1.668	1.743	2.099	2.531	2.591	2.547	1.643	1.491	1.136	1.457	1.626	1.191	1.1	1.158	1.148	1.374	1.338	1.24	1.102	1.179	1.33	1.786	1.835	1.835	1.59	2.504	2.047
ABPO	ABP01	55.5	ABP01	TSCA	1881	2010	147	2.89	3.683	2.313	2.072	2.255	2.809	2.833	1.368	1.615	1.226	0.29	1.578	2.768	2.27	2.339	1.291	1.585	1.223	1.7	1.657	1.863	1.854	1.383	2.778	3.341	2.611	2.748	2.337	2.638	1.873	2.541	2.307	2.702	2.195	2.403	2.279	2.924	2.572	1.216	1.173	1.563	1.926	1.341	1.765	1.016	0.664	0.831	0.776	0.527	1.051	0.745	1.207	0.997	1.252	1.214	1.483	1.085	0.775	1.274	1.016	0.956	0.943	0.542	1.114	0.905	0.784	0.922	0.801	0.874	0.665	0.567	0.731	0.86	0.993	0.856	0.623	0.78	0.973	1.595	1.431	2.01	2.07	2.02	1.719	1.91	1.94	1.507	1.155	1.516	1.378	1.457	1.373	1.165	1.752	1.338	1.583	1.485	1.9	1.553	1.604	1.712	1.052	1.408	1.668	1.743	2.099	2.531	2.591	2.547	1.643	1.491	1.136	1.457	1.626	1.191	1.1	1.158	1.148	1.374	1.338	1.24	1.102	1.179	1.33	1.786	1.835	1.835	1.59	2.504	2.047
ABPO	ABP02	70.5	ABP02	TSCA	1829	2010	212	0.82	0.965	0.943	0.819	0.751	1.019	0.833	0.717	0.825	1.053	0.551	1.022	0.904	0.829	0.956	0.657	0.845	0.761	0.84	0.922	0.989	0.911	0.46	0.833	1.04	1.426	0.87	0.918	0.63	1.066	1.114	1.073	0.985	0.782	0.941	0.793	0.878	1.01	0.668	0.865	0.78	1.19	0.856	1.085	0.742	0.551	0.869	0.735	0.52	0.959	0.559	0.902	0.792	1.16	0.789	0.877	0.672	0.721	1.074	1.184	0.819	0.539	1.018	1.085	1.082	1.19	1.083	1.217	0.878	0.991	0.866	1.097	1.23	1.247	1.265	1.084	0.744	0.918	1.563	1.491	2.185	2.004	2.075	2.02	2.081	1.999	1.213	0.9	1.196	1.002	0.716	1.111	1.175	1.264	1.61	1.501	1.362	1.672	1.118	1.365	1.466	1.329	1.283	1.825	1.654	1.679	1.557	1.792	1.571	1.384	0.956	1.041	1.611	1.867	1.286	1.256	1.958	2.437	2.244	2.362	1.73	2.523	1.836	2.214	1.826	1.83	2.401	2.388	2.065	1.754	2.798	2.309	3.404	3.056	2.874	2.669	2.813	2.367	1.578	1.006	0.934	1.034	1.138	1.178	1.266	1.038	1.171	1.189	1.016	1.196	1.05	1.2	1.449	1.415	1.027	1.184	1.442	1.064	1.275	1.994	1.787	1.325	1.889	1.639	1.704	1.582	1.281	1.194	1.634	1.378	1.485	1.558	1.758	1.865	1.852	1.951	2.048	2.334	1.832	1.891	2.32	1.699
ABPO	ABP02	70.5	ABP02	TSCA	1829	2010	212	0.82	0.965	0.943	0.819	0.751	1.019	0.833	0.717	0.825	1.053	0.551	1.022	0.904	0.829	0.956	0.657	0.845	0.761	0.84	0.922	0.989	0.911	0.46	0.833	1.04	1.426	0.87	0.918	0.63	1.066	1.114	1.073	0.985	0.782	0.941	0.793	0.878	1.01	0.668	0.865	0.78	1.19	0.856	1.085	0.742	0.551	0.869	0.735	0.52	0.959	0.559	0.902	0.792	1.16	0.789	0.877	0.672	0.721	1.074	1.184	0.819	0.539	1.018	1.085	1.082	1.19	1.083	1.217	0.878	0.991	0.866	1.097	1.23	1.247	1.265	1.084	0.744	0.918	1.563	1.491	2.185	2.004	2.075	2.02	2.081	1.999	1.213	0.9	1.196	1.002	0.716	1.111	1.175	1.264	1.61	1.501	1.362	1.672	1.118	1.365	1.466	1.329	1.283	1.825	1.654	1.679	1.557	1.792	1.571	1.384	0.956	1.041	1.611	1.867	1.286	1.256	1.958	2.437	2.244	2.362	1.73	2.523	1.836	2.214	1.826	1.83	2.401	2.388	2.065	1.754	2.798	2.309	3.404	3.056	2.874	2.669	2.813	2.367	1.578	1.006	0.934	1.034	1.138	1.178	1.266	1.038	1.171	1.189	1.016	1.196	1.05	1.2	1.449	1.415	1.027	1.184	1.442	1.064	1.275	1.994	1.787	1.325	1.889	1.639	1.704	1.582	1.281	1.194	1.634	1.378	1.485	1.558	1.758	1.865	1.852	1.951	2.048	2.334	1.832	1.891	2.32	1.699
ABPO	ABP03	58	ABP03	TSCA	1844	2010	136	1.733	1.736	1.666	1.26	1.47	1.797	1.533	1.884	1.981	2.377	2.168	1.593	2.421	2.302	2.485	1.249	1.254	0.914	1.162	1.048	1.263	0.924	0.644	1.132	1.411	1.186	0.849	1.009	1.163	0.984	0.987	1.099	1.094	0.762	0.936	1.202	1.079	0.873	0.642	1.012	0.687	1.05	0.754	1.197	0.791	0.729	0.951	0.696	0.672	0.958	0.617	0.977	0.885	1.342	1.179	1.244	1.298	1.194	1.285	1.375	0.844	0.956	1.203	1.384	1.265	1.175	0.986	1.022	0.935	0.725	1.036	1.042	1.355	0.983	1.098	1.067	0.962	0.946	1.467	1.199	1.464	1.051	1.085	1.202	1.483	1.372	0.939	0.664	0.733	0.714	1.167	1.35	1.214	1.404	1.494	1.51	1.126	1.83	1.196	1.211	1.487	1.06	1.414	1.551	1.87	2.056	1.699	1.692	2.055	1.597	1.608	1.143	1.823	2.075	1.319	1.206	1.657	2.407	2.235	1.98	1.727	2.333	1.623	1.834	2.176	2.204	1.863	2.362	2.611	1.998	2.409	0.756	2.416	1.399	2.096	1.691	3.207	3.015	2.468	1.876	1.691	0.755	0.49	0.809	0.645	0.59	0.77	0.718	0.555	0.666	0.768	0.812	0.884	0.69	0.775	0.822	0.608	0.566	0.534	0.731	0.967	0.702	0.651	0.478	0.313	0.666	1.018
ABPO	ABP03	58	ABP03	TSCA	1844	2010	136	1.733	1.736	1.666	1.26	1.47	1.797	1.533	1.884	1.981	2.377	2.168	1.593	2.421	2.302	2.485	1.249	1.254	0.914	1.162	1.048	1.263	0.924	0.644	1.132	1.411	1.186	0.849	1.009	1.163	0.984	0.987	1.099	1.094	0.762	0.936	1.202	1.079	0.873	0.642	1.012	0.687	1.05	0.754	1.197	0.791	0.729	0.951	0.696	0.672	0.958	0.617	0.977	0.885	1.342	1.179	1.244	1.298	1.194	1.285	1.375	0.844	0.956	1.203	1.384	1.265	1.175	0.986	1.022	0.935	0.725	1.036	1.042	1.355	0.983	1.098	1.067	0.962	0.946	1.467	1.199	1.464	1.051	1.085	1.202	1.483	1.372	0.939	0.664	0.733	0.714	1.167	1.35	1.214	1.404	1.494	1.51	1.126	1.83	1.196	1.211	1.487	1.06	1.414	1.551	1.87	2.056	1.699	1.692	2.055	1.597	1.608	1.143	1.823	2.075	1.319	1.206	1.657	2.407	2.235	1.98	1.727	2.333	1.623	1.834	2.176	2.204	1.863	2.362	2.611	1.998	2.409	0.756	2.416	1.399	2.096	1.691	3.207	3.015	2.468	1.876	1.691	0.755	0.49	0.809	0.645	0.59	0.77	0.718	0.555	0.666	0.768	0.812	0.884	0.69	0.775	0.822	0.608	0.566	0.534	0.731	0.967	0.702	0.651	0.478	0.313	0.666	1.018
ABPO	ABP04	52	ABP04	TSCA	1900	2010		0.72	0.78	1.089	0.983	0.767	0.958	0.881	0.76	0.884	0.709	0.296	0.522	0.743	0.822	1.203	0.673	0.729	0.673	0.695	0.891	0.941	0.697	0.409	0.915	1.105	0.8	0.583	0.759	0.807	0.905	0.791	0.965	0.856	0.57	0.633	0.65	0.747	0.586	0.591	0.563	0.701	1.127	0.804	0.863	0.609	0.446	0.771	0.615	0.656	1.186	0.759	0.926	0.927	1.49	1.264	1.322	1.529	0.871	1.051	1.111	0.924	0.797	0.859	1.365	1.248	1.415	1.197	1.586	1.395	1.14	1.621	1.238	1.21	1.567	1.266	1.138	1.008	1.128	2.26	1.66	1.783	1.393	1.292	1.123	0.451	0.923	1.958	1.369	2.426	1.549	2.182	2.515	2.172	2.578	3.006	4.339	2.699	2.716	1.68	1.49	1.983	3.844	3.559	2.535	3.255	4.505	5.47	5.022	3.654	4.826	3.227
ABPO	ABP04	52	ABP04	TSCA	1900	2010		0.72	0.78	1.089	0.983	0.767	0.958	0.881	0.76	0.884	0.709	0.296	0.522	0.743	0.822	1.203	0.673	0.729	0.673	0.695	0.891	0.941	0.697	0.409	0.915	1.105	0.8	0.583	0.759	0.807	0.905	0.791	0.965	0.856	0.57	0.633	0.65	0.747	0.586	0.591	0.563	0.701	1.127	0.804	0.863	0.609	0.446	0.771	0.615	0.656	1.186	0.759	0.926	0.927	1.49	1.264	1.322	1.529	0.871	1.051	1.111	0.924	0.797	0.859	1.365	1.248	1.415	1.197	1.586	1.395	1.14	1.621	1.238	1.21	1.567	1.266	1.138	1.008	1.128	2.26	1.66	1.783	1.393	1.292	1.123	0.451	0.923	1.958	1.369	2.426	1.549	2.182	2.515	2.172	2.578	3.006	4.339	2.699	2.716	1.68	1.49	1.983	3.844	3.559	2.535	3.255	4.505	5.47	5.022	3.654	4.826	3.227
ABPO	ABP05	53	ABP05	TSCA	1883	2010	134	2.799	3.55	3.996	2.904	2.864	3.325	1.765	2.414	2.53	2.321	0.241	2.159	3.805	3.492	3.66	0.998	1.437	1.667	1.894	2.159	2.576	1.472	1.07	1.723	1.921	2.01	1.693	1.983	2.033	1.525	2.141	2.054	2.397	1.99	1.814	1.917	1.753	2.357	1.493	1.607	1.637	2.972	1.761	2.239	1.319	0.933	1.496	1.026	0.957	2.019	1.35	1.826	1.172	1.352	1.291	2.453	1.736	1.296	1.72	1.99	1.287	1.263	1.311	1.747	1.56	1.741	1.625	1.561	1.714	1.325	1.351	1.355	1.444	1.413	1.029	0.846	1.079	1.036	1.41	1.179	1.345	1.483	1.492	1.693	1.734	1.384	1.345	1.011	1.321	0.951	1.093	1.038	0.477	1.376	1.335	1.573	1.504	1.748	1.499	1.418	2.183	1.995	1.859	2.021	1.902	2.623	2.589	3.191	4.004	3.92	3.005	1.618	2.294	3.001	1.378	1.511	1.875	1.845	1.894	1.581	1.103	1.04	1.133	1.261	1.371	1.27	0.992	1.606
ABPO	ABP05	53	ABP05	TSCA	1883	2010	134	2.799	3.55	3.996	2.904	2.864	3.325	1.765	2.414	2.53	2.321	0.241	2.159	3.805	3.492	3.66	0.998	1.437	1.667	1.894	2.159	2.576	1.472	1.07	1.723	1.921	2.01	1.693	1.983	2.033	1.525	2.141	2.054	2.397	1.99	1.814	1.917	1.753	2.357	1.493	1.607	1.637	2.972	1.761	2.239	1.319	0.933	1.496	1.026	0.957	2.019	1.35	1.826	1.172	1.352	1.291	2.453	1.736	1.296	1.72	1.99	1.287	1.263	1.311	1.747	1.56	1.741	1.625	1.561	1.714	1.325	1.351	1.355	1.444	1.413	1.029	0.846	1.079	1.036	1.41	1.179	1.345	1.483	1.492	1.693	1.734	1.384	1.345	1.011	1.321	0.951	1.093	1.038	0.477	1.376	1.335	1.573	1.504	1.748	1.499	1.418	2.183	1.995	1.859	2.021	1.902	2.623	2.589	3.191	4.004	3.92	3.005	1.618	2.294	3.001	1.378	1.511	1.875	1.845	1.894	1.581	1.103	1.04	1.133	1.261	1.371	1.27	0.992	1.606
ABPO	ABP06	57	ABP06	TSCA	1870	2010	150	2.184	1.937	1.772	1.671	1.408	1.864	1.322	0.977	0.99	1.293	1.232	1.005	1.829	1.638	1.547	1.291	1.276	1.552	2.193	1.798	1.592	0.966	1.025	1.254	1.102	1.037	0.846	1.295	0.881	0.777	1.054	0.993	1.146	0.93	0.942	0.64	0.606	0.424	0.377	0.573	0.558	0.871	0.702	1.032	0.857	0.896	0.926	0.887	0.675	1.012	0.326	0.792	0.723	1.091	0.979	0.914	0.928	0.769	0.735	0.812	0.652	0.715	0.544	0.987	1.04	1.143	1.227	1.295	1.247	0.93	1.118	1.175	1.672	1.566	1.687	1.049	1.077	1.286	1.564	1.546	1.62	1.279	1.342	1.349	1.563	1.48	1.501	1.079	1.162	0.986	1.266	1.502	1.117	1.1	1.258	1.287	0.888	0.988	0.656	0.748	1.091	0.918	0.941	1.136	1.277	1.582	1.256	2.182	2.071	1.079	0.958	0.623	1.522	1.914	1.427	0.953	1.657	2.139	1.699	1.677	1.018	1.74	1.592	1.753	2.202	2.245	1.919	2.986	3.151	2.567	3.061	2.492	4.081	2.793	1.604	1.522	2.359	2.531	3.044	3.168	4.301

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TSCA_COFECHA_Stern.zip

Species: Tsuga canadensis
Plots: ABPO, BB, GG, GIWO, HHSC01K07, HHSC12F02, HHSG01G10, LB1400B, LEMP5, MGF, RR, VMC812, VMC1130, VMC1235, WLWO

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DEN: The DendroEcological Network

Project: Eastern white pine and eastern hemlock growth: possible tradeoffs in response of canopy trees to climate and pollution

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Eastern white pine and eastern hemlock growth: possible tradeoffs in response of canopy trees to climate and pollution