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Project:
Growth of canopy red oak near its northern range limit: current trends, potential drivers, and implications for the future

Project Info
Plot Data
Tree Data
Raw Core Data
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Objectives: Our objective for this study was to identify the potential climate and pollution variables that have been best associated with red oak growth in Vermont over the past several decades.

Principal Investigator: Rebecca Stern, Paul Schaberg, Shelly Rayback, Paula Murakami, Christopher Hansen, Gary Hawley

Laboratory: Schaberg/Hawley/Rayback Dendrochronology Collaborative

Recommended Citation: Stern RL, Schaberg PG, Rayback SA, Murakami PF, Hansen CF, Hawley GJ. 2019. Red oak trees cored in western valleys of Vermont.

Project Contents: Data for 11 Plots, 214 Trees, 432 Cores

Project Period: 2014-08-30 to 2020-02-19

Species:

Quercus rubra

Data License:

What's this?

Description: We measured tree rings for 213 dominant and codominant red oak trees at 11 VT sites, and statistically compared growth to tree and stand characteristics and regional climate and pollutant deposition data. Because red oak wood is ring-porous, exhibiting a bimodal distribution of vessels, xylem growth can be easily partitioned into earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW) growth as well as whole-ring widths (WRW). Therefore, we evaluated relationships between WRW, LW and EW growth and environmental factors that may influence growth.

Related Publications:

Rebecca L. Stern, Paul G. Schaberg, Shelly A. Rayback, Paula F. Murakami, Christopher F. Hansen, and Gary J. Hawley.2020.Growth of canopy red oak near its northern range limit: current trends, potential drivers, and implications for the future. doi:10.1139/cjfr-2019-0200 View

Project Metadata

Taxonomic standard used: Scientific name

How plots were selected: Sites were chosen that would provide a broad representation of mature red oak trees in the northern part of its range. Areas with a known history of management over the past several decades were avoided.

How trees were selected: Approximately 15-20 dominant and co-dominant trees were selected at each site.

Exclusion of trees (if any): Trees with bole or crown damage were excluded.

How cores were collected: Two 5 mm increment cores were extracted from each tree at breast height, 180° from each other, and perpendicular to the slope.

How cores were processed: Increment cores were dried, mounted and sanded using standard methods. Tree rings were visually crossdated using the list method, microscopically measured using a Velmex sliding stage unit and MeasureJ2X software (0.001 mm resolution) followed by the use of COFECHA to detect and correct crossdating errors.

Exclusion of cores (if any): A small number of cores were discarded since they were poorly correlated with the master chronology (i.e., below Pearson critical correlation 99% confidence levels) due to unusual growth trends that were not representative of overall site growth.

Added to the database: 02/05/2020

Last modified: 02/05/2020

Sample of Plot Data

Up to 10 rows of data are shown below.

Plot ID	Latitude	Longitude	Site Description	Crew
Dome1	42.751990	-73.180400	Not Provided
Dome2	42.762568	-73.178666	Not Provided
GOSH1	43.845734	-73.035735	Not Provided	Christopher Hansen, Paula Murakami
HHSB13H02	43.612738	-73.239122	Not Provided	Rebecca Stern
HHSC12F02	43.745383	-73.096080	Not Provided	Rebecca Stern, Isabel Molina
IBR	44.536243	-73.096241	Beech understory, fairly dry, slight slope	Paula Murakami, Chris Hansen, Rebecca Stern
LEMP11	43.849144	-73.036758	Not Provided	Paul Schaberg, Becca Rossell
LEMP13	43.933983	-73.083944	Not Provided	Gary Hawley, Isabel Molina
NB	44.586432	-73.187761	Not Provided	Rebecca Stern, Chris Hansen
RR	44.444248	-73.227061	Widely spaced red oak stand with red maple; little understory	Rebecca Stern, Alexandra Kosiba
STAL	44.822740	-73.025195	Most of the oaks are on a small ledge/hillside; moist site and somewhat rocky	Rebecca Stern, Paula Murakami

Sample of Tree Data

Up to 10 rows of data are shown below.

Plot ID	Tree ID	Species	Diameter	Diameter Units	Crown Position
Dome1	1556	Quercus rubra	38	centimeter	D
Dome1	1557	Quercus rubra	45.7	centimeter	D
Dome1	1564	Quercus rubra	32.3	centimeter	CD
Dome1	1565	Quercus rubra	34.3	centimeter	CD
Dome1	1567	Quercus rubra	24.1	centimeter	CD
Dome1	1577	Quercus rubra	36.8	centimeter	D
Dome1	1580	Quercus rubra	35.1	centimeter	CD
Dome1	1584	Quercus rubra	35.4	centimeter	CD
Dome1	1588	Quercus rubra	43.1	centimeter	D
Dome1	1589	Quercus rubra	42.2	centimeter	CD
Dome1	1591	Quercus rubra	49.8	centimeter	CD

Sample of Raw Core Data

Up to 10 rows of data are shown below.

Plot ID	Tree ID	DBH	Sample ID	Species	First Year	Last Year	Estimated Age	2015	2014	2013	2012	2011	2010	2009	2008	2007	2006	2005	2004	2003	2002	2001	2000	1999	1998	1997	1996	1995	1994	1993	1992	1991	1990	1989	1988	1987	1986	1985	1984	1983	1982	1981	1980	1979	1978	1977	1976	1975	1974	1973	1972	1971	1970	1969	1968	1967	1966	1965	1964	1963	1962	1961	1960	1959	1958	1957	1956	1955	1954	1953	1952	1951	1950	1949	1948	1947	1946	1945	1944	1943	1942	1941	1940	1939	1938	1937	1936	1935	1934	1933	1932	1931	1930	1929	1928	1927	1926	1925	1924	1923	1922	1921	1920	1919	1918	1917
Dome1	1556	38	1556A	Quercus rubra	1922	2015	102	1.228	1.178	1.409	1.25	1.187	1.079	1.344	1.312	1.31	1.243	1.533	1.701	1.637	1.662	1.806	1.393	1.375	1.584	1.28	1.444	1.635	1.464	1.215	1.107	0.961	1.401	2.223	1.777	1.865	1.455	1.379	1.12	1.217	0.977	1.029	1.702	1.417	1.675	1.137	1.493	2.256	1.622	1.685	2.104	1.453	1.531	1.51	1.403	1.376	1.267	1.035	1.242	1.074	1.561	1.934	1.642	1.716	1.687	1.518	1.862	1.762	1.409	1.613	1.542	2.816	2.103	2.297	2.22	1.879	2.574	2.508	2.565	2.167	1.931	2.154	2.537	3.54	2.734	2.403	1.802	1.8	2.158	2.168	1.629	1.428	1.233	1.653	2.729	2.692	2.319	2.596	2.475	2.275	2.187
Dome1	1556	38	1556B	Quercus rubra	1922	2015	102	1.204	1.164	1.042	0.951	0.882	0.881	1.054	0.863	0.998	0.821	1.126	1.037	0.829	1.032	0.972	0.975	0.922	0.825	0.931	0.952	1.088	1.112	1.024	0.704	0.673	1.058	1.592	1.374	1.383	1.003	1.33	1.22	0.974	0.849	0.807	1.247	1.05	1.281	0.968	1.288	2.101	2.159	1.736	1.942	1.536	1.693	1.585	1.303	1.577	1.352	1.279	1.439	1.116	1.741	1.869	1.46	1.518	1.264	1.244	1.456	1.582	1.263	1.417	0.966	1.669	1.454	1.375	1.461	1.726	2.896	3.85	3.258	2.625	2.242	1.804	1.985	2.369	2.098	2.757	2.086	2.618	2.527	2.58	2.375	2.267	2.168	2.534	3.078	2.288	2.379	2.454	2.036	2.358	2.204
Dome1	1557	45.7	1557A	Quercus rubra	1917	2015	100	1.591	1.631	1.744	1.595	1.536	1.462	1.957	1.679	1.54	1.503	1.877	2.08	1.648	1.491	1.584	1.565	1.418	1.56	1.348	1.498	1.746	1.884	1.682	1.264	0.921	1.503	1.868	1.852	1.593	1.195	1.75	1.566	1.557	1.252	1.272	2.081	2.127	2.055	1.682	1.948	2.192	2.273	1.977	2.082	1.568	1.632	2.011	1.717	1.853	1.871	1.655	1.902	1.41	1.985	2.351	1.762	1.877	1.723	1.715	1.806	2.187	1.93	2.176	1.616	2.489	2.146	2.529	2.772	2.615	2.539	2.83	2.701	2.104	1.924	1.931	2.489	2.565	2.551	2.364	2.032	2.98	2.739	2.385	2.628	2.633	2.458	2.417	3.029	2.896	2.233	2.702	3.031	3.025	3.05	3.004	3.1	2.337	2.498	3.102
Dome1	1557	45.7	1557B	Quercus rubra	1920	2015	100	1.268	1.238	1.283	1.173	1.198	1.204	1.361	1.22	1.186	1.296	1.243	1.348	1.223	1.257	1.299	1.223	1.201	1.269	1.121	1.285	1.278	1.517	1.339	1.011	0.894	1.282	1.867	1.818	1.489	1.176	1.733	1.636	1.261	1.238	1.129	1.75	1.841	1.991	1.735	1.859	2.356	2.108	2.065	1.993	1.693	1.674	1.949	1.618	1.679	1.728	1.626	1.668	1.475	2.181	2.484	2.182	2.39	2.095	2.196	2.119	2.431	2.284	2.379	1.903	2.839	2.219	2.855	2.868	2.442	2.395	2.643	3.147	2.33	1.939	1.947	2.443	3.098	3.011	2.568	2.003	2.769	3.082	3.172	3.546	3.504	3.433	2.914	3.45	3.101	2.706	3.375	3.453	3.816	3.461	3.336	2.449
Dome1	1564	32.3	1564A	Quercus rubra	1923	2015	97	0.563	0.961	0.966	0.845	0.896	0.784	0.786	0.722	0.817	0.684	0.856	1.07	1.088	0.935	0.982	0.905	0.8	1.072	0.863	1.101	1.198	1.167	1.215	1.157	0.554	0.892	1.658	1.193	1.07	0.783	0.892	0.867	0.664	0.475	0.702	1.129	1.039	1.267	1.302	1.101	1.726	1.461	1.22	1.326	1.05	1.387	1.471	1.318	1.156	0.779	0.43	0.665	0.423	0.758	0.976	0.836	0.969	0.848	0.969	1.168	1.308	0.839	0.932	0.704	1.071	1.044	1.007	1.183	1.112	1.225	1.413	1.359	1.047	0.722	0.905	1.196	1.423	1.544	1.542	1.081	1.996	2.644	2.892	3.124	2.493	2.885	3.327	3.649	2.778	1.473	2.417	2.688	2.211
Dome1	1564	32.3	1564B	Quercus rubra	1923	2015	97	0.838	0.942	0.968	0.959	1.291	1.586	1.377	0.971	0.988	0.907	1.136	1.404	1.094	1.214	1.228	1.282	1.122	1.353	1.452	2.015	1.964	1.877	1.761	1.467	0.894	1.352	1.962	2.044	2.202	1.753	1.876	1.372	1.133	0.739	1.216	1.884	1.798	2.294	2.186	1.802	2.367	2.052	1.374	1.464	1.275	1.263	1.294	1.172	1.019	0.831	0.693	0.92	0.616	0.909	0.97	0.752	1.087	1.096	1.061	1.205	1.539	1.239	1.446	0.868	1.808	1.707	1.792	1.606	1.588	1.648	1.742	1.692	1.172	0.779	0.983	1.37	2.064	2.279	1.925	1.016	1.515	1.858	2.433	2.756	2.37	2.106	2.214	2.805	2.627	1.987	2.145	1.517	2.408
Dome1	1565	34.3	1565A	Quercus rubra	1919	2015	100	1.231	1.349	1.269	1.265	1.175	1.01	1.133	0.829	0.909	1.056	1.375	1.321	1.12	1.424	1.398	1.015	1.005	0.874	0.971	1.149	1.218	1.357	1.467	0.726	0.544	1.066	1.411	1.129	1.241	1.104	1.479	1.096	1.024	0.662	1.067	1.542	1.494	1.7	2.036	1.938	2.637	1.664	1.891	1.932	1.813	1.501	1.766	1.751	2.051	2.046	2.117	1.713	1.393	1.836	1.869	1.482	1.43	1.47	1.792	1.808	1.946	1.333	1.595	1.207	1.637	1.521	1.89	1.888	1.937	1.962	2.295	2.887	2.038	1.732	1.91	2.236	2.916	2.464	2.253	1.539	2.314	2.497	2.867	2.538	2.362	2.078	2.203	2.319	2.365	2.577	2.333	2.158	2.754	2.846	3.001	2.482	1.931
Dome1	1565	34.3	1565B	Quercus rubra	1924	2015	100	1.216	1.337	1.346	1.26	1.148	1.156	1.069	0.956	0.841	1.166	1.452	1.29	1.163	1.481	1.517	1.02	1.051	0.911	1.073	1.23	1.305	1.452	1.511	0.747	0.592	1.055	1.324	1.143	1.238	1.083	1.43	1.167	0.865	0.765	1.081	1.514	1.287	1.594	1.816	1.869	2.55	1.716	1.923	1.983	1.875	1.536	1.781	1.786	2.071	2.143	1.86	1.746	1.287	1.971	1.733	1.519	1.342	1.428	1.863	1.855	1.768	1.404	1.684	1.167	1.501	1.426	1.705	1.631	1.787	1.703	2.258	2.587	1.841	1.731	1.946	2.151	2.766	2.354	1.98	1.482	2.298	2.341	2.688	2.358	2.416	2.075	2.262	2.362	2.53	2.212	3.084	2.482
Dome1	1565	34.3	1565C	Quercus rubra	1919	2015	100	0.918	1.156	1.051	0.783	0.805	0.684	0.784	0.648	0.605	0.696	0.914	0.918	0.889	1.079	1.094	0.723	0.706	0.717	0.65	0.778	0.972	1.059	1.077	0.668	0.492	0.943	1.292	1.062	1.126	0.822	0.847	0.835	0.608	0.351	0.551	0.55	0.761	0.874	0.755	1.141	1.751	1.181	1.285	1.269	1.082	0.997	1.24	1.12	1.433	1.346	1.126	1.046	0.918	1.164	1.266	1.062	0.834	0.995	1.165	1.306	1.345	0.972	1.391	0.89	1.071	1.076	1.251	1.385	1.683	1.476	1.377	1.696	1.629	1.566	1.579	1.666	2.363	2.136	1.946	1.735	2.441	2.497	2.376	1.766	1.635	1.508	1.592	1.746	1.989	1.692	2.402	2.4	3.094	2.962	3.446	3.768	3.08
Dome1	1567	24.1	1567A	Quercus rubra	1923	2015	109	0.542	0.531	0.514	0.592	0.558	0.496	0.614	0.57	0.546	0.599	0.7	0.76	0.745	0.841	0.724	0.801	0.592	0.771	0.61	0.597	0.737	0.557	0.539	0.561	0.312	0.496	0.501	0.49	0.508	0.446	0.4	0.414	0.345	0.343	0.544	0.616	0.83	1.22	1.039	0.944	1.059	0.909	0.77	0.905	0.848	0.621	0.676	0.721	0.675	0.66	0.473	0.527	0.507	0.885	0.767	0.702	0.644	0.833	0.882	1.089	1.065	0.962	0.8	0.701	1.256	1.321	1.076	1.273	1.348	1.381	1.242	1.449	1.36	0.963	1.051	1.259	1.482	1.389	0.906	0.852	1.288	1.556	1.611	2.179	1.557	1.447	1.993	2.105	1.979	1.618	2.331	2.043	2.192
Dome1	1567	24.1	1567B	Quercus rubra	1927	2015	100	0.364	0.417	0.463	0.422	0.464	0.467	0.659	0.526	0.491	0.507	0.533	0.714	0.591	0.623	0.624	0.643	0.671	0.689	0.667	0.576	0.672	0.711	0.592	0.565	0.446	0.656	0.849	0.784	0.809	0.601	0.499	0.466	0.518	0.521	0.639	0.769	0.909	1.086	1.029	1.021	1.13	1.046	0.92	1.095	0.916	0.701	0.841	0.836	0.722	0.651	0.588	0.603	0.556	0.844	0.757	0.675	0.721	0.715	0.75	1.007	1.279	1.064	0.801	0.753	1.172	1.025	1.037	1.287	1.21	1.38	1.479	1.352	1.244	0.886	1.054	1.268	1.461	1.362	1.169	0.819	1.267	1.833	2.05	2.614	2.328	1.851	2.778	3.135	2.426

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